Osteochondrosis nke ọkpụkpụ azụ bụ ọrịa na-adịghị ala ala, nke dabeere na usoro mmebi nke ọkpụkpụ na cartilage anụ ahụ. A na-emetụta akụkụ niile nke ọkpụkpụ azụ site na usoro pathological.
Nkọwa nke ọrịa ahụ
Ọrịa ahụ na-adịkarị na ndị agadi, ma n'oge na-adịbeghị anya, ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị na-eto eto na-arịa ọrịa na-egosi ihe mgbaàmà. Dabere na nhazi nke ọnya nke ọkpụkpụ azụ, ọ bụ omenala ịmepụta ya na cervical, thoracic na lumbar osteochondrosis. Isi na njirimara njirimara nke osteochondrosis nke azụ bụ ihe mgbu na-adịghị mma nke ike na-agafe agafe, n'ihi mkpakọ nke mgbọrọgwụ nke ọkpụkpụ azụ.
pathogenesis na nkebi
A na-ekekarị mmepe nke ọrịa ahụ n'ọtụtụ ọkwa. Usoro a na-amalite site na usoro asymptomatic, mgbe mgbanwe mbụ na-eme na anụ ahụ cartilaginous wee mechie na ngwakọta zuru oke nke ọtụtụ vertebrae na ibe ha.
Mbụ
Oge nke mbụ bụ nke kachasị sie ike ịchọpụta, n'ihi ihe ịrịba ama dị nro nke ọrịa ahụ, a na-akpọkwa ya preclinical. Ndị ọrịa nwere adịghị ike n'ozuzu, ahụ erughị ala na azụ. A na-echekarị ihe ịrịba ama ndị a dị ka ike ọgwụgwụ. Na omume ahụike, osteochondrosis nke ogo 1st nwere ike ịchọpụta ya na mberede, dịka ọmụmaatụ, n'oge nyocha mgbochi.
Nke abụọ
N'oge osteochondrosis nke ogo nke abụọ, onye ọrịa ahụ na-enwe mmetụta mgbu na ọkpụkpụ azụ. Nke a ogbo bụ ihe si na nke mbụ na-enweghị ihe mgbochi dị mkpa. Enwere usoro mbụ nke mbibi nke diski intervertebral. Ndozi nke vertebrae gbajiri, ebe dị anya n'etiti ha na-ebelata, nke na-eduga ná mkpakọ nke eriri akwara nke ọkpụkpụ azụ azụ.
Dabere na mkpesa nke onye ọrịa, nyocha ebumnuche na X-ray, dọkịta ahụ na-achọpụta "osteochondrosis nke ogo 2nd nke mpaghara cervical" ma depụta ọgwụgwọ. N'okpuru mmejuputa iwu niile nke onye ọkachamara, a pụrụ imeri ọrịa ahụ n'enweghị nnukwu nsogbu.
Nke atọ
A na-ama ọkwa nke atọ site na mmalite nke usoro a na-apụghị ịgbagha agbagha na anụ ahụ cartilaginous nke mgbanaka fibrous. Nucleus pulposus akpọnwụwo mmiri, na-ebute diski herniated. Mgbu na-apụta n'ihi mkpakọ nke irighiri akwara. N'oge a, diski intervertebral mebiri emebi enweghị ike iweghachi ya. A na-ekpochapụ hernia site na usoro ịwa ahụ, a na-eme ọgwụgwọ ahụ site n'enyemaka nke ọgwụ.
Nke anọ
N'oge a, ahụ na-eme mgbanwe maka mgbanwe ọkpụkpụ azụ. Anụ ọkpụkpụ na-akwụ ụgwọ na-eto n'akụkụ akụkụ nke vertebrae (osteophytes) iji wusie akụkụ ahụ emetụtara ike. Ha nwere ike ịpịkọta mgbọrọgwụ nke ọkpụkpụ azụ azụ, na-akpata mgbu. N'ihi ya, osteophytes na-etokọ ọnụ, na-eme ka akụkụ ụfọdụ nke ọkpụkpụ azụ ghara imegharị ya.
Mgbaàmà na iche
Osteochondrosis bụ ọrịa na-adịghị ala ala. The ọzọ nke oge nke exacerbation nke ọrịa na remission bụ karịsịa e ji mara ya. Mgbaàmà nke ọrịa ahụ na-ahụkarị. A na-egosipụta ha site na mgbu mgbu na azụ, na mmegharị mberede na ibuli elu, mgbu ahụ na-akawanye njọ, enwere ike inwe mmetụta nke nkwụsịtụ n'ụkwụ, ike ọgwụgwụ na obere mgbatị ahụ, na ịda mbà n'obi.
mgbu na-egbu mgbu na-ebute oke ụjọ na ike ọgwụgwụ nke ahụ. Na osteochondrosis na-adịghị ala ala, mgbe diski vertebral na-agbakọ eriri akwara, ọrịa mgbu nwere ike nweta àgwà agbapụ wee gbapụta n'azụ isi, ubu na nsọtụ ala.
Cervical
Nke a bụ otu n'ime ebe ndị a na-ahụkarị ma dị ize ndụ nke ọrịa ahụ, ebe ọ bụ na e nwere ọnụ ọgụgụ dị ukwuu nke eriri akwara na nnukwu arịa isi na mpaghara cervical.
Site na osteochondrosis cervical, ihe mgbaàmà nwere ike ịbụ:
- oké isi ọwụwa;
- ihe mgbu na-egbuke egbuke n'ubu na aka, gbaba n'ime isi;
- enwere mmachi mmegharị olu;
- dizziness na ọnwụ nke nsụhọ;
- mkpọtụ na ntị;
- mmechi nke mmegharị.
Ihe mgbaàmà ndị a na-akpata site na mgbasa ọbara na-adịghị mma na akwara cervical n'ihi mbufụt, ọzịza, spasm muscle. Site na mpụta nke ọrịa mkpakọ nke akwara vertebral na enweghị ọgwụgwọ ahụike kwesịrị ekwesị, nke a na-eduga na ischemia cerebral.
thoracic
Osteochondrosis nke mpaghara thoracic dị obere. A na-egosipụta ihe ịrịba ama nke osteochondrosis nke spine thoracic n'ụdị mgbu na mmetụta ọkụ n'etiti ubu ubu. N'ihe banyere mkpakọ nke njedebe akwara intercostal, nke a na-eduga na intercostal neuralgia. A na-egosipụta ya na mmetụta nke nnukwu mgbu n'ime obi, nke na-adịghị ekwe ka iku ume miri emi.
Mmebi nke mgbasa ọbara na enweghị nri n'ihi usoro mkpali ahụ nwere ike ime ka ọrịa nke akụkụ ahụ dị n'ime ahụ dị na mpaghara a, ọrịa obi obi dị iche iche. Ọgwụgwọ ruru eru na nke a dị mkpa.
Lumbar
Ihe karịrị 50% nke ikpe na-eme na ngalaba a. Ihe ịrịba ama mbụ nke lumbar osteochondrosis bụ ihe e ji mara mgbu mgbu na azụ azụ, nke na-abawanye na mmegharị mberede, ibuli elu, na ọbụna mgbe ihu igwe gbanwere. A naghị ewepụ ihe mgbaàmà dịka veins varicose, nhụjuanya nke njedebe, nkwonkwo mgbu.
Ọdịdị nke osteophytes na njedebe nke ọrịa ahụ na-ebutekarị mbufụt nke akwara sciatic - sciatica, otu n'ime nsogbu ndị nwere ike ime. Radiculitis nke lumbar na-ezokwa aka na mgbagwoju anya nke osteochondrosis. Ọ na-egosipụta onwe ya dị ka ihe mgbu na mkpịsị ụkwụ, na-agbasa n'apata ụkwụ na ụkwụ ala, na-eru n'ụkwụ.
Ihe na-akpata na mgbochi
Dị ka a na-achị, ọrịa ahụ na-ebutekarị ọtụtụ ihe n'otu oge, ya mere a na-ewerekwa ya dị ka multifactorial. Isi ihe kpatara mmepe osteochondrosis bụ:
- azụ mmerụ ahụ na ọnya;
- ọrịa nke mkpokọta na ọrịa metabolic;
- ibi ndụ ịnọkarị otu ebe na oke ibu;
- ọrịa congenital na enwetara ọnọdụ ọnọdụ;
- ihe nketa.
Mgbochi osteochondrosis na-agbada na ụzọ dị mfe mana dị irè. Ọ dị mkpa ịgbanwe ndụ ndụ ka ọ na-arụsi ọrụ ike (gaa igwu mmiri), echefula ime mgbatị ahụ maka azụ n'oge ọrụ na-adịghị adịte aka ogologo oge. Ị kwesịrị ịmalite iri nri nke ọma, gụnyere na nri ọtụtụ mkpụrụ osisi na akwụkwọ nri, ngwaahịa mmiri ara ehi dị ka o kwere mee.
Mgbochi dị irè ga-abụkwa ịchọ enyemaka ahụike n'oge mgbe mgbaàmà mbụ nke ọrịa ahụ mere.
Ọgwụgwọ
Ọgwụgwọ osteochondrosis nke ọkpụkpụ azụ kwesịrị ịdị mgbagwoju anya. Isi ntụziaka maka ọgwụgwọ ọrịa ahụ bụ:
- ọgwụgwọ ọgwụ (NSAIDs, analgesics, chondroprotectors, vitamin);
- physiotherapy (electrophoresis, UHF);
- ịhịa aka n'ahụ;
- ọgwụgwọ mmega ahụ;
- gymnastics (nwere ike ime n'ụlọ);
- ọgwụgwọ ịwa ahụ (discectomy).